In this case, the converter gas, which is generated by oxygen blowing process, is cleaned. Eaton engineers draw on the experience of industry leading names including hydrokraft, vickers, aeroquip, and waltersheid to create solutions that harness the. However, soundness of basic oxygen furnace slag in concrete appears to largely depend upon the mineralogical and chemical compositions of the slag. My original intent was to suggest the presence of a bof mill, not to build a faithful replication of a prototype i. The basic oxygen furnace bof is a vessel used to convert pig iron, of about 94 percent iron and 6 percent combined impurities such as carbon, manganese, and silicon, into steel with as little as 1 percent combined impurities.
Seek medical attention for rash, burns, irritation and prolonged unprotected exposure. The program monitor or the essential graphics panel is in focus. As oxygen is injected into a basic oxygen furnace, carbon, silicon,manganese and iron are oxidized a more complete description of b. Thomas4 optical microscopy, total oxygen measurements and slime tests have been conducted to quantify. The recycling of basic oxygen furnace bof slag is largely limited by its free lime and free magnesia content leading to highly problematic swelling, preventing civil engineering applications. Measurement and monitoring of o2 concentrations in steel. Blowing oxygen through molten pig iron lowers the carbon content of the alloy and changes it into lowcarbon steel.
Basic oxygen furnace slag bos also called ldconverter slagis formed during the conversion of hot metal from the blast furnace into steel in a basic oxygen furnace. The process uses as its major raw material, blast furnace iron, which will contain, to a varying degree, the elements carbon, silicon. Measurement and control techniques in a basic oxygen furnace. A furnace is an equipment to melt metals for casting or heat materials for change of shape. Basic oxygen furnace bof is a steel making furnace, in which molten pig iron and steel scrap convert into steel due to oxidizing action of. A basic oxygen furnace is a reactor in which oxygen is blown through molten pig iron that is heated to approximately 1,600. Control system for pushertype furnace two basic control strategies and two control system types are applicable for the heating processes in the steel. Basic oxygen steelmaking also known as linzdonawitzsteelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method of primary steelmaking in which carbonrich. The molten steel is tapped, or poured, into the ladle. The steel produced is chemically tested and may be further modified by the addition of alloys. Dmitri kopeliovich basic oxygen furnace bof is a steel making furnace, in which molten pig iron and steel scrap convert into steel due to oxidizing action of oxygen blown into the melt under a basic slag the basic oxygen process basic oxygen furnace, basic oxygen steelmaking, basic oxygen converter is the most powerful and effective steel making method. Flue gas analysis data for air flow corrections has to be added in the next step.
Safety data sheet sds osha hazcom standard 29 cfr 1910. In order to create steel, the bof utilized oxygen to burn off impurities in the molten iron. Also, it can achieve further production cost reductions and productivity improvements in combination with highperformance ancillary equipment. Basic oxygen furnace bof the basic oxygen furnace is the process in which a mixture of scrap 25 to 30 percent and hot metal 75 to 70 percent from the blast furnace is exposed to oxygen blown at a high velocity into the. Primary deoxidation of basic oxygen furnace steel by means. Oct 20, 20 the basic oxygen furnace the basic oxygen steelmaking process is the uks major method for making steel. Wash with cool water and a ph neutral soap or a mild skin detergent. The metal in the ladle is sent directly for basic oxygen steelmaking or to a pretreatment stage. Effects of ph on phosphorus removal capacities of basic.
Iron contains impurities in the form of silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, and manganese. The furnace needs no heating because the oxygen combines very exothermically with the impurity elements, carbon, silicon, manganese and phosphorus. Hello all, i still have a little to do to my latest scratch build. Basic oxygen furnace based steelmaking processes and cleanliness control at baosteel l. Pdf geotechnical properties of fresh and aged basic. Basic oxygen furnace kumas has detailed knowledge of the requirements of steelmaking industry. A furnace for heating slabs needs to be operated under low oxygen conditions at high temperatures of c and above to prevent oxidation of the steel. Epa450382005a revised standards for basic oxygen process furnaces background information for proposed standards emission standards and engineering division u. Pure oxygen is then blasted into the furnace at supersonic speeds via an oxygen lance that is lowered from the top. Pdf this work is a product of a postgraduate course during spring 2014. Carbon is oxidised to carbon monoxide and much of the carbon in the metal escapes as. Oxygen is blown into the furnace vessel through a watercooled oxygen lance oxidizing carbon and the other unwanted elements in the molten iron.
The vessel is tilted to allow sampling and testing of the purified material. The dimensions of the cfs studs and track in the study are described in table 1 and table 2. Bulk oxygen displacement on a basis of per mole of deoxidant added, carbon would remove more oxygen than what aluminium could do, due to the lower molecular mass fraction of oxygen in the reaction product carbon monoxide co, compared to that in alumina al2o3. The process occurs in a furnace which is a specially designed steel vessel that may be rotated through 360 in a vertical plane. Utilization of basic oxygen furnace bof slag in the. The measurement of oxygen concentrations in the furnace is essential in this process. An introduction to the bof process bof basic oxygen furnaces or basic oxygen steelmaking contributes to the vast majority of world steel production.
Aug 09, 2014 argon oxygen decarburization furnace steel slag aod duration. Below you can see a diagram of the furnace with its main parts labeled. The basic oxygen furnace the basic oxygen steelmaking process is the uks major method for making steel. Jan 19, 2008 this is a recollection of how i kitbashed a basic oxygen furnace bof facility in ho scale back in 1997, starting with a pair of walthers electric furnace building kits and adding a large rectangular building in behind them. S environmental protection agency office of air, noise, and radiation office of air quality planning and standards research triangle park, north carolina 27711 december 1982. The resulting silica, iron oxide and maganese oxide react with fluxes charged into the vessel and the refractory lining of the furnace forming. Little basic oxygen slag is used as a portland cement concrete aggregate because of its unsoundness in concrete. Eafs range in capacity from a few tons to as many as 400 tons, and a steelmaking shop can have from one to five furnaces.
Basic oxygen steelmaking bos, bop, bof, or osm, also known as linzdonawitzsteelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method of primary steelmaking in which carbonrich molten pig iron is made into steel. Basic oxygen furnace the basic oxygen process is the most common process for producing steel. To produce steel, facilities use one of two processes. Geotechnical properties of fresh and aged basic oxygen furnace steel slag article pdf available in journal of materials in civil engineering 2712. Primary deoxidation of basic oxygen furnace steel by. The vast majority of steel manufactured in the world is produced using the basic oxygen furnace. The basic oxygen process basic oxygen furnace, basic oxygen steelmaking, basic oxygen converter is the most powerful and effective. The top blown basic oxygen furnace is equipped with the water cooled oxygen for blowing oxygen into the melt through 46 nozzles. Along with the liquid iron that was produced in the blast furnace, recycled scrap steel is also added to the oxygen furnace. Basic oxygen furnaces efficient, reliable, highcapacity eaton hydraulic systems are rapidly replacing heavy, maintenance intensive electromechanical components around the world. In 1856, henry bessemer patented a steelmaking process involving oxygen blowing for decarburizing molten iron. Basic oxygen furnace bof is a steel making furnace, in which molten pig iron and steel scrap convert into steel due to oxidizing action of oxygen blown into the melt under a basic slag. Basic oxygen steelmaking bos is a primary steelmaking method in which the highcarbon molten pig iron is converted to steel. Geotechnical properties of fresh and aged basic oxygen furnace steel slag.
Basic oxygen steelmaking bos makes steel from blast furnace iron and up to 20% of scrap metal. In the qbop process, the oxygen tuyeres are cooled by injecting hydrocarbon gas through an outer pipe surrounding the oxygen pipe. It is the primary method used for steel production worldwide. The process occurs in a furnace which is a specially designed. May 10, 2018 found in every corner of the planet, steel has come to be one of our most used materials for building a sturdy product. Understanding dephosphorization in basic oxygen furnaces mdpi. The oxygen steelmaking process is one of the most common and efficient steel production methods. A brief discussion of the process is included in the following paragraphs. Measurement and monitoring of o2 concentrations in steel mill. Basic oxygen furnace model railroader magazine model. In india and in most industrial countries, the use of bof slag as a road ballast and land filler has had a very long history. You can see a diagram and photograph of each step by rolling over the highlighted word. Environmental product declaration steel recycling institute.
Dmitri kopeliovich basic oxygen furnace bof is a steel making furnace, in which molten pig iron and steel scrap convert into steel due to oxidizing action of oxygen blown into the melt under a basic slag. Revised standards for basic oxygen process furnaces. After oxygen blowing, the furnace contains layers of molten steel and slag. After charging, the furnace is blown by blasting oxygen through a lance that is lowered into the molten metal.
Preset and customizable keyboard shortcuts in premiere pro. The basic oxygen steel making process is as follows. Elrefaie3 abstract mass and energy balance equations are applied on top blowing bof and eaf steelmaking processes to detect the energy profile of production one ton steel by both processes. The basic oxygen furnaces at bethlehem steel turned raw molten materials from the blast furnaces into steel. Basic oxygen furnace process using pyroptix st camera from enertechnix for more information. Use this handy list to reference keyboard shortcuts for premiere pro and even print a pdf of the keyboard shortcuts. Blast furnace gas cleaning plant nippon steel engineering. It is also known as the linzdonawitz steelmaking process or the oxygen conversion process. Two types of furnaces that create steel are the basic oxygen furnace and the electric arc furnace, each of which have their own set of pros and cons. Basic oxygen steelmaking, also known as linzdonawitzsteelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method of primary steelmaking in which carbonrich molten pig iron is made into steel. Modern furnaces will take a charge of up to 350 tonnes and convert it into steel in less than 40 minutes. Oxygen flow commonly reaches 200280 ft 3 mint 68 m 3 mint. There was a lot of imagineering that went into this model. Basic oxygen furnace slag bofs is a byproduct from the steel making and refining processes.
In brief, eafs can be either ac or dc powered and they melt steel by applying current to a steel scrap charge. The watercooled oxygen lance or supersonic oxygen jet lance with specially designed copper lance tip nozzle is an important tool used during basic oxygen steelmaking process. Considering the priceperformance optimization, our refractory experts gives customized engineering, design and supervisory services to our customers. Basic oxygen furnace bof the basic oxygen furnace process uses 25 to 35 percent old steel to make new steel. The basic oxygen steel bos making process this can be described via the following steps. Basic oxygen furnace bof steel making or basic oxygen furnace steelmaking bos or linzdonawitzverfahren steelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method in which both molten pig iron and steel scrap are converted into steel with the oxidizing action of oxygen blown into the melt under a basic slag. This is a recollection of how i kitbashed a basic oxygen furnace bof facility in ho scale back in 1997, starting with a pair of walthers electric furnace building kits and adding a large rectangular building in behind them. Basic oxygen furnace bof slag is a major waste product generated during the steelmaking process. Basic oxygen process bop, a steelmaking method in which pure oxygen is blown into a bath of molten blastfurnace iron and scrap. Basic oxygen furnace based steelmaking processes and. Basic oxygen steelmaking article about basic oxygen. Pdf the steelmaking industry in the united states generates 916 million metric tons of steel slag every year. If you click on the parts you will be taken to an explanation of them. In this process the hot metal is treated by blowing oxygen to remove carbon and other elements that have a high affinity to oxygen.
As the basic oxygen furnace shell is exposed to severe hightemperature conditions during use, its material experiences gradual degradation leading to thermal deformation and cracking that necessitates repair and exchange of the furnace body. The basic oxygen furnace ld convertor is a pear shaped vessel lined inside with refractory bricks. Applicability of basic oxygen furnace slag as a concrete. Mainly by finishing the bof downcomber pipe,by connecting the pipes together. The process uses as its major raw material, blast furnace iron, which will contain, to a. Basic oxygen furnace latest breaking news, pictures, videos, and special reports from the economic times.
How steel is made using the basic oxygen steelmaking process. Today, both are almost extinct, replaced by electric furnaces and by basic oxygen furnaces. Basic oxygen steelmaking also known as linzdonawitzsteelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method of primary steelmaking in which carbon rich. Bottom blown furnace qbop in the bottomblown processes, oxygen is introduced through a number of tuyeres in the bottom of the furnace. Basic oxygen furnace bof steel making or basic oxygen furnace steelmaking bos or linzdonawitzverfahren steelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method in which both molten pig iron and steel scrap are converted into steel with the oxidizing action of. It wasnt hard to build this type structure,i buddy of mine gave me schematics of a 1962 bof. Introduction the purpose of the basic oxygen steelmaking bos process is to refine the hot metal produced in the blast furnace into raw liquid steel, which may be subsequently refined in the secondary steelmaking shop. A preheated container called a ladle is moved into place below the basic oxygen furnace. The vessel lining consists of tar bonded dolomite magnesia carbon bricks or other refractories. The process is known as basic because fluxes of burnt lime or dolomite, which are chemical bases, are added to promote the removal of impurities and protect the lining of the converter. Molten pig iron sometimes referred to as hot metal from a blast furnace is poured into a large refractorylined container called a ladle. Basic oxygen furnace blogs, comments and archive news on. Basic oxygen process bop, a steelmaking method in which pure oxygen is blown into a bath of molten blast furnace iron and scrap.
The purpose of the basic oxygen steelmaking bos process is to refine the hot metal produced in the blast furnace into raw liquid steel, which may be subsequently refined in the secondary steelmaking shop. Classification, general fuel economy measures in furnaces, excess air, heat distribution, temperature control, draft control, waste heat recovery. Found in every corner of the planet, steel has come to be one of our most used materials for building a sturdy product. The oxygen initiates a series of intensively exothermic heatreleasing reactions, including the oxidation of such impurities as carbon, silicon, phosphorus, and manganese. A basic oxygen furnace bof is the machinery used for purification of pig iron by oxidizing impurities into slag and converting the rest into molten steel with an injection of oxygen. Ho scale basic oxygen furnacebof completed model photos. It is used to blow pure oxygen at supersonic speeds over hot metal in a furnace, which ignites the carbon dissolved in steel, and converts it into carbon dioxide and. Pdf geotechnical properties of fresh and aged basic oxygen. N scale steel mill basic oxygen furnace bof uss edgar thomson works, duration. Scrap metal, molten iron, and dolomitic lime were charged in the furnace.
446 1576 119 601 1582 183 966 1471 455 1462 1497 1330 919 75 313 1427 1445 768 1377 663 1190 977 62 1462 1507 854 1000 1013 28 378 403 1190 243 584 1573 309 3 313 1310 359 958 407 1086 327